How Does a Home Equity Loan Work

What’s a home equity, how does home equity loan work? What are the prons and cons? What is HELOC and should you consider home equity loan? This article will explain what it is and how does a home equity loan work.
Home Equity Loan(or home equity mortgage) is debt against the equity of your home.
What is Home Equity?
Home equity is the value or the portion of the property that you own. Let me give you an example.
You want to buy a house for $200.000 and have $30.000 down payment. You arranged with your bank for a $170.000 mortgage with $30.000 to buy it. In that case:
House Value: $200.000
Banks Equity: $170.000
Your Home Equity: $30.000
Home equity is the amount that you own in your house.
Let’s say after 10 years of living in that house you paid out $90.000 on the mortgage. Not only you paid out $80.000, the house value has gone up by $50.000! Instead of $200.000 your house now costs $250.000. In that case the calculations are:
House Value: $250.000
Your Home Equity: $30.000(down payment) + $80.000(paid over 10 years) = $110.000
But since the value of your house has gone up by $50.000, you can add that $50.000 on top!
So the new calculation is.
House Value: $250.000
Bank Equity: $90.000(since you pay mortgage over time, bank equity goes down)
Your Home Equity: $110.000 + $50.000 = $160.000
Home equity is the amount you own in your house. Your home equity may go up if the price of your house goes up.
How Does a Home Equity Loan Work?
Let’s take previous example again. The price of your home went up by $50.000 in 10 years, meaning that your home equity grew by $50.000 in 10 years(the total amount you own).
Suppose you want some cash all of a sudden. Your kids go to college, you feel like doing renovation, medical bills mount up or you simply feel like taking a hot vacation or driving a sexy car.
You can take a home equity loan, against the equity in your house. As we know, your house value has gone up by $50.000, so you can go to the bank and say:
I want $50.000 grand right now. My house value has gone up by $50.000, and I own more than that in my house, can you give me some cash?
The bank says yes, and gives you $50.000 cash. In exchange you sign papers, guaranteeing to pay off that $50.000 over… lets say 10 years. If you fail to pay it out, bank comes in, sells your home and gets back the $50.000 it lended.
Home equity loan is a second mortgage against your property. Your guarantee to pay it out and collateral is your equity that you own in your house.
The two Types of Home Equity Loans and Interest Rates on Home Equity Mortgages
There are two types of home equity loans.
Home Equity Loan
It is like a regular mortgage. You borrow a big sum of money agaist the equity in your home(like we discussed above) and pay it back over time.
The interest rates are fixed. So if you borrowed at 6%, it will stay at 6% until you pay it out.
Home equity mortgage is good for people who need money for one big occasion, like a wedding, education, renovation etc.
Home Equity Line of Credit or HELOC.
Another type of Home Equity Loan is called home equity line of credit or HELOC for short.
It works just like a credit line. Imagine a line of credit, lets say for $60.000. You have it and can take as much money as you want, up to $60.000, at any time. You want a $100 for a good dinner? Go ahead and take it from the credit line. Need $20.000 for a new car? Go ahead and borrow it. There is no limit(up to $60.000) and you can pay it back any time, partially or in full.
The home equity line of credit is absolutely the same, the difference being is that you borrow against the equity in your home. So suppose your equity is $100.000, you can get a HELOC for $100.000. and spend as much as you want, up to a $100.000.
When you get home equity line of credit, lenders give you a special type of card that you can use. Kind of like a credit card.
HELOC allows you to borrow as much as you need when you need it. There is a set date by which you should pay out whatever the balance you owe. If you fail, lender will take your property away.
Interest rates are variable(adjustable), meaning that you pay different rates every time market conditions change. The rates may go up and down, regardless – you always pay the market price.
Pros and Cons Of Home Equity Mortgages
Pros
- You deduct taxes for home equity loans of up to $100.000
- Can be used for variety of purposes: buying new items, medical bills, education, renovation, debt consolidation, emergencies, vacations
- Lower interest rates than credit cards and car loans
Cons
- Can be risky for people who love to spend too much
- If you don’t pay you lose your house
- If the home market value goes down you end up owing more than the value of your home
- Home equity lines has variable rates, meaning that monthly payments go up and down